Here are some popular tax-saving options along with explanations and real-life examples:
Section 80C Deductions:
- Under Section 80C, you can claim deductions up to Rs. 1.5 lakh per financial year.
- Some popular investment options include:
- Employee Provident Fund (EPF): Contributions made towards EPF are eligible for 80C deductions. For example, if your annual basic salary is Rs. 6 lakh, and you contribute 12% (Rs. 72,000) to EPF, you can claim a deduction of up to Rs. 72,000 under Section 80C.
- Public Provident Fund (PPF): Investments in PPF also qualify for 80C deductions. The maximum annual contribution is Rs. 1.5 lakh.
- 5-year Fixed Deposits: Investments in certain 5-year fixed deposits with banks are eligible for deductions.
Section 80D Deductions (Health Insurance Premium):
- You can claim deductions for premiums paid for health insurance policies for yourself, your spouse, children, and parents.
- For example, if you pay a health insurance premium of Rs. 20,000 for your family, you can claim a deduction of up to Rs. 25,000 (Rs. 50,000 for senior citizens) under Section 80D.
Section 24(b) Deductions (Home Loan Interest):
- If you have taken a home loan, you can claim deductions on the interest paid under Section 24(b).
- Let's say your annual home loan interest is Rs. 2.5 lakh, and the principal repayment is Rs. 1 lakh. You can claim a deduction of up to Rs. 2 lakh on the interest component.
National Pension System (NPS):
- Contributions to NPS are eligible for deductions under Section 80CCD(1) and 80CCD(1B).
- You can claim deductions up to 10% of your salary (basic + DA) under Section 80CCD(1), subject to a maximum of Rs. 1.5 lakh under Section 80C. An additional deduction of Rs. 50,000 is available under Section 80CCD(1B).
Section 80E Deductions (Education Loan Interest):
- If you have taken an education loan for higher studies, you can claim deductions on the interest paid.
- The entire interest amount paid during the financial year is eligible for deduction.
Section 80G Deductions (Donations):
- Donations made to eligible charitable organizations can be claimed as deductions.
- The deduction amount varies depending on the organization and the type of donation made.
Standard Deduction for Salaried Individuals:
- Salaried individuals can claim a standard deduction of Rs. 50,000 from their taxable income.
House Rent Allowance (HRA):
- If you receive HRA as part of your salary and live in a rented house, you can claim exemptions under Section 10(13A) for the HRA received.
Leave Travel Allowance (LTA):
- LTA is a tax-free allowance for travel expenses within India. You can claim it for expenses incurred on domestic travel.
NRE/NRO Account Interest:
- Interest earned on NRE (Non-Residential External) accounts is tax-free in India.
Remember that the actual deductions and benefits may vary based on your specific financial situation, and it's advisable to consult a tax expert or financial advisor to maximize your tax savings legally and effectively. Additionally, keep abreast of any changes in tax laws and regulations beyond my last update in September 2021.
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